{"id":282,"date":"2007-01-19T08:00:00","date_gmt":"2007-01-19T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/scientopia.org\/blogs\/goodmath\/2007\/01\/19\/hellish-programming-malbolge\/"},"modified":"2007-01-19T08:00:00","modified_gmt":"2007-01-19T08:00:00","slug":"hellish-programming-malbolge","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.goodmath.org\/blog\/2007\/01\/19\/hellish-programming-malbolge\/","title":{"rendered":"Hellish Programming: Malbolge"},"content":{"rendered":"

I decided that for today, I’d show the most thoroughly evil<\/em> programming language ever
\ndevised. This is a language so thoroughly evil that it’s named Malbolge<\/a> after a circle
\nof hell. It’s so evil that it’s own designer<\/em> was not able to write a hello world program! In
\nfact, the only way that anyone managed to write a “Hello World” was by designing a genetic algorithm
\nto create one. This monstrosity is so thoroughly twisted that I decided to put it in the “Brain and Behavior” category on ScienceBlogs, because it’s a demonstration of what happens when you take a brain, and twist it until it breaks.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

What makes it so thoroughly evil?<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. It’s based on trinary.<\/li>\n
  2. All programs consist of nothing but a sequence of numbers.<\/li>\n
  3. Opcodes are not allowed in the source code. All opcodes must
    \nbe encrypted<\/em> using a very silly encryption scheme.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    The Malbolge interpreter has three registers, named “C” (code),
    \n“D” (data), and “A” (accumulator). It’s also got a memory – each address in memory can store a value that is 10 trinary digits wide.<\/p>\n

    The way that code works is that it loads the value in the memory cell addressed by C. That value is added<\/em> to the current contents of “C”,
    \nand then it takes the remainder of dividing that sum by 94. The result
    \nis an opcode. Oh, and just for the sake of annoyingness, if the value of
    \nthe cell referenced by “C” is not<\/em> in the range 33-126 (base 10),
    \nthen the program terminates with an error.<\/p>\n

    The opcodes that can be used in a Malbolge program are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Opcode<\/th>\nDescription<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
    4<\/td>\nSet C to the value pointed at by D<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    5<\/td>\nOutput A mod 256<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    23<\/td>\nInput a character to A.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    39<\/td>\nSet A = the value pointed at by D, then trinary rotate right one digit.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    40<\/td>\nSet D = the value pointed at by D.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    62<\/td>\nTritwise operation (to be described below)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    68<\/td>\nNoop<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    81<\/td>\nHalt<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

    For opcode 62, what you do is take each trinary digit d of the cell referenced by D, and each trinary digit a of the contents of A, and then look
    \nin the following table for the result for that trinary digit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    a<\/th>\nd<\/th>\nresult<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
    0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    0<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    0<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    1<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    1<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    2<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    2<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    2<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

    Once the opcode is complete, if the opcode modified A, then the resulting
    \nvalue of A is stored into the memory cell referenced by D. If the opcode did not<\/em> modify
    \nC, then C is incremented by 1. Finally, if the contents of
    \nthe cell pointed at by C are in the range 33-126 (the range of ASCII printable characters), then
    \nthey’re translated up in the following table, and exchanged for the value of
    \nthe ASCII code of the character in the same position in the other row:<\/p>\n

    \n5z]&gqtyfr$(we4{WP)H-Zn,[%3dL+Q;>U!pJS72FhOA1C\nB6v^=I_0\/8|jsb9m<.TVac`uY*MK'X~xDl}REokN:#?G\"i@\n<\/pre>\n
    (In the original version of this post, in the above paragraph, I accidentally omitted the
    \nclause about how\/when the value of A is stored to memory; I also originally forgot to mention the wy that C is incremented.)<\/em><\/p>\n
    \tNow, finally, the first hello world program in Malbolge:<\/p>\n
    \n(=<`$9]7<5YXz7wT.3,\n+O\/o'K%$H\"'~D|#z@b=\n`{^Lx8%$Xmrkpohm-kN\ni;gsedcba`_^][ZYXW\nVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFED\nCBA@?>=<;:9876543s+\nO<oLm\n<\/pre>\n
     Don’t ask me to explain how it works. I don’t understand it either.<\/p>\n
     For an example of a kinda-sorta-realish program in Malbolge, here’s an
    \nimplementation of a program that prints the lyrics of the “99 Bottles of Beer” song:<\/p>\n
    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     So. Pointless? Yes. Evil? Absolutely. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    I decided that for today, I’d show the most thoroughly evil programming language ever devised. This is a language so thoroughly evil that it’s named Malbolge after a circle of hell. It’s so evil that it’s own designer was not able to write a hello world program! In fact, the only way that anyone managed […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[92],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-282","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-pathological-programming"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p4lzZS-4y","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.goodmath.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/282","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.goodmath.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.goodmath.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.goodmath.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.goodmath.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=282"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.goodmath.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/282\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.goodmath.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=282"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.goodmath.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=282"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.goodmath.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=282"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}